Sacred Symbols in Hinduism
Sacred geometry and symbols play a major role in Sanatan Dharma. Sanatan Dharma encompasses a bouquet of beliefs but it is broadly believed that there is only one God which expresses itself in different forms and ways. This is signified by teachings of Upanishad like ‘Ekam Sad Viprah Bahuta Vadanti’ which means that the God is one and formless and is beyond the boundaries of understanding. Thus, God manifests in many forms and also affiliated to these many forms are sacred and auspicious symbols and geometries. These symbols play a great philosophical role in the Hindu religion and are given much significance. Many of these sacred symbols are associated with various Gods and Goddesses; other times they are auspicious geometries with profound spiritual meanings. The sacred symbols play the role of abstract representation of Divinity. These symbols work as bridge between the formless god and the limited human mind. Devotees find it much convenient if the God can be correlated to symbol, which can be interacted in daily lives.
One amazing thing about these auspicious symbols in Hinduism is that they are not only used in worship and holy rituals. They also have great scientific and spiritual importance. There is a broad scope of symbolism that involves physical gestures like offering prayers with folded hands (Pranam). Such gestures usually induce the right mood and awareness for the individual. There are numerous auspicious symbols in Hinduism which symbolizes the notion of inner purity. These sacred symbols are displayed at temples and homes to bring good fortune, invite positivity and keep away all sought if negativities. Here, we have listed some of the most sacred and auspicious symbols used in Hinduism, their meaning and also the significance they hold.
Om / Aum
Om is the primary, most sacred spiritual symbol in Hinduism. Om is the root mantra and the primal sound from which all creations originated. It consists of the three Sanskrit letters aa, au, and maa which together form the sound Om or Aum. The most significant symbol in Hinduism, it appears in all prayers and is the first part of most Deities' invocations. Om is the Hindu symbol for devotion, can be found at the top of letters, pendants, Hindu and family temples. There are very few rituals of worship without this mystic sound. Om is a part of the Archanas performed at Hindu temples after every mantra uttered. Om is also where the Holy Vedas begin. In Sanatan Dharma, Om is the ‘cosmic sound’, or the ‘mystical syllable’, or the ‘affirmation to Divine’. Om is also one of the popular mantras for meditation. The English terms ‘omniscience’, ‘omnipotent’ and ‘omnipresent’ which are associated with the Supreme God are examples of words that contain the syllable Om. It is therefore also used to denote authority and Divinity.
Swastika
Swastika is considered one of the most auspicious symbols in Hinduism. The word Swastika comes from Sanskrit which means ‘lucky or auspicious thing’. Use of Swastika symbol dates back 2nd Century BC. Swastika appears like an equilateral cross and its four legs bent at 90 degrees. This symbol is sacred not only in Hinduism but also in Buddhism and Jainism. As a symbol of luck and auspiciousness, the Swastika signifies "It is well." This ancient sun's sign's right-angled arms represent the indirect method of intuition rather than intellect by which divinity is understood.
Ghanti (Bell)
Ghanti or Ghanta is a ceremonial bell used in ritual puja that involves all senses, particularly hearing. Its ringing invokes the Gods, excites the inner ear, and reminds us that the universe, like sound, can be seen but not possessed. The bell is often made from brass and has a clapper. When the bell is rung, it emits a high-pitched sound. The ringing of a bell calls the gods while simultaneously stimulating the inner ear. Hindu temples typically have a single metal bell hanging at the entryway, which visitors ring when entering the temple. During the Puja, both priests and worshipers clang bells.
Shivalinga
Shivlinga is regarded as a particularly sacred emblem, representing Lord Shiva himself, according to tradition. Nearly all of the temples devoted to Lord Shiva have the Shivlinga. Hindu legend states that Lord Shiva himself took on the shape of a Linga so that his followers may worship Him. This is due to the fact that, while being formless and imperceptible to the unaided eye, Lord Shiva is present both on earth and in heaven. Shivling is conical at the top and broad in the middle. This is how flame takes shape. The God of Shaivite philosophy is formless. God took the appearance of a flame because of the souls' grace, which allowed them to understand God easily and experience liberation. This flame is worshipped as a stone lingam and in other forms that facilitate devotion. Shaivites regard this as more sacred than form worship. Shivlinga is a physical image of Lord Shiva and is meant to be touched, seen, and worshipped. It is guaranteed to devotees that by worshiping the Linga, they can establish a connection with Lord Shiva. Frequently depicted with the Yoni (which means womb or Prakriti) is the Shivlinga. This stands for the unity of Purush and Prakriti, or male and female, which precedes the creation of the universe.
Kalash
The Sanskrit word ‘Kalash’ means pot or pitcher. The Kalash is made from a metal that usually features a broad base and a small mouth, such as brass, copper, silver, or gold. During Hindu ceremonies, a coconut and a coronet of mango leaves are placed on a pot of water. The coconut is wrapped in red thread or linen, and the coronet of mango leaves is arranged so that the tips of the leaves come into contact with the water in the Kalasha. In all Hindu celebrations and events of marriage and childbirth, Kalasha is revered. The coconut is a symbol of affluence and a cash crop. The pot's water symbolizes nature's capacity to sustain life. The state of Andhra Pradesh has adopted the Kalash as its official state emblem.
Cow or Gau Mata
The cow or Gau mata is highly revered and honored and regarded as a sacred animal in Hinduism. Even though cows are not worshipped by Hindus, they are revered in practically all of India. While practically every animal is considered sacred in Hinduism, cows are held in higher regard than other animals. The cow produces butter, ghee, yogurt, and cheese in addition to milk and cream. It is said that cow milk refines a person. Cow manure is utilized in homes as a cleanser, fuel, and fertilizer. The cow is comparable to Mother Earth, the nourisher, the selfless giver, because of the abovementioned characteristics.
The Sri Symbol
The Sanskrit word ‘Sri’ is commonly used to address people in a respectful manner. In Hinduism, the title Sri is often used to symbolize Maa Laxmi and also to honor deities. Sri can also be written as Shree or Shri. When Sri is used without any other words, it alludes to the highest consciousness. For numerous Gods and Goddesses, like Sri Ganesh, Sri Lakshmi, and Sri Vishnu, Hindus apply the prefix Sri. The term Sri appears at the start of most Hindu mantras or in between mantra lines. Spiritual leaders in Hinduism use Sri followed by 108 or 1008.
Shankha or Conch
The Shankha is a revered Hindu symbol related to Lord Vishnu. According to Hindu scripture, the Shankha bestows fame, longevity, and fortune. The Shankha was used in ancient times to begin and end gatherings such as war, trips, and meetings. Shankha generated a sound known as Shankanad. Shankha is now blown during religious ceremonies in Hindu temples and homes. It is also used during Aarti to offer light to the deities. Shankha is often used to bathe deities, particularly Lord Vishnu.
Trishul
Trishul is Lord Shiva's trident, which is also borne by other Hindu gods, sages, and saints. Trishula's three prongs depict the Trinity (Brahma, Vishnu, and Mahesh) and The Three Modes of Nature: Creation, Maintenance, and Destruction. It also symbolized the three Kalas (past, present, and future) The Three Gunas (Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas), Three Powers (will, action, and wisdom), and Three Miseries (physical, mental, and spiritual). As the trident is wielded by the Goddess Shakti, her followers hold it in high regard and consider it as an important symbol of their devotion towards her.
Rudraksha
Rudra, which means "Lord Shiva," and Ak?a, which means "Teardrops," combine to form the Sanskrit term for "rudraksha." Rudraksha is a representation of Lord Siva's tears poured in response to human suffering. Hindus wear the Rudraksha seeds strung together as a garland. It's thought that using 108 plus one beads is the proper amount. "The Guru Bead" is the name of the additional bead. Rudraksha is best worn without the use of metal since it is never polished or cut like a gemstone.
Nandi
Lord Shiva rides the Nandi bull, who serves as both the deity Parvati's gatekeeper and his mount. Nandi is a Sanskrit term meaning ‘one who brings joy’. Nandi Bull is portrayed as a seated statue in temples devoted to Lord Shiva. In Hinduism, it's important to first obtain Nandi's blessings before worshiping Lord Shiva. In India, there are numerous temples devoted just to Nandi Bull.
Peacock feather
Lord Kartikeya, also known as Murugan in South India, rides a peacock. Lord Shiva is the father of Lord Kartikeya. The dancing peacock's display represents religion in all its splendor. According to Hindu mythology, Garuda is another mythological bird that carries Lord Vishnu, and it is thought that one of its feathers was used to create the peacock. India's national bird is the peacock. Being an agriculturally dependent nation, India depends heavily on rain, which the peacock predicts by dancing and opening all of its feathers. In Hinduism, Peacock Feathers, also known as Moonkh, are considered fortunate symbols. It is believed that having peacock feathers around the house can bring prosperity and good luck. The eighth avatar of Lord Vishnu, Lord Krishna also wore a peacock feather on his crown. Students also keeps a peacock feathers in their books, believing that the Goddess of Knowledge, Maa Saraswati, will assist them in achieving academic success.
Nataraja
Lord Shiva is being represented as the cosmic dancer in the Nataraja, which means "King of Dance." It is believed that Lord Shiva begins the process of creating a new cosmos by destroying the old one with his heavenly dance, known as the Tandava. There are two different types of tandavas which is the joyful one, also known as the Ananda tandava. The dance form Rudra Tandava is performed in a furious manner. Natraj is the main god worshipped in the popular Thillai Nataraja Temple in Chidambaram.
Lotus Flower
Padma is another auspicious symbol in Hinduism which often also called the Lotus Flower. In Hinduism, Lord Vishnu, Lord Brahma, Goddess Saraswati, and Goddess Lakshmi is worshipped by Padma. The Padma symbolizes beauty and purity regardless of the favorable or unfavorable conditions in which it flourishes. It basically remains as a reminder that goodness and wealth can flourish without being affected by evil in one's surrounding. Many people refer to Lord Vishnu as the "Lotus-Eyed One."
Shatkona
Shatkona which also means "six" is a sacred Hindu symbol made up of interlocked triangles. These two triangles symbolize Lord Shiva (masculine) and Goddess Parvati (feminine). The highest three edges represent Lord Siva, Purusha, and fire. The three lower edges symbolize Shakti, Prakriti, and Water. The upward-pointing triangle represents Purusha, the Supreme Being, while the downward-pointing triangle represents Prak?ti, or Mother Nature.
Kamandal
The Kamandal is a water pot with a handle that is made from metal, clay, or coconut shells. The Hindu Sages used to carry the Kamandal, which stands for a straightforward, independent existence. The water of the kamandal is a representation of riches, life, and fertility. The Kamandal is commonly seen in the hands of ascetic Hindu gods.
Sudarshana Chakra
Lord Vishnu holds a disk-shaped weapon that is known as the Sudarshana Chakra, which has 108 razor-sharp edges. The meaning of the terms Sudarshana and Chakra are respectively "vision which is auspicious" and "the one which is mobile." Legends states that the Sudarshana Chakra is both the most powerful and the only weapon that can move. The ultimate goal of the Sudarshana Chakra is to destroy the opponent. During Homas, or Hawans, Hindus typically worship Sudarshana to fend off evil spirits or vibrations. In India, Sudarshana Chakra is revered as the primary deity in numerous temples.
Dhwaja / Saffron Flag
In Hinduism, the Saffron Flag stands for the Hindu culture, or "Sanatana Dharma." Wealth, Dharma, Advancement, Glory, wisdom, and detachment are all represented by the flag. Hinduism's flag is orange because its fundamental belief is that fire is the ultimate cleanser. The Dhwaja flag has a triangular shape as opposed to the typical rectangular flags. Hindu sages traveled from one ashram to another in the past, and they always brought fire with them. The saffron flag sign may have originated from the hardship of carrying a burning thing. Along with being seen during religious processions and festivals, the Saffron Flag can also be seen waving on the majority of Hindu temples.
